The Origin of Life According to Melanin
ثبت نشده
چکیده
There are diverse theories about the origin of life on Earth. Perhaps it started with an electric spark that generate amino acids and sugars from an atmosphere loaded with water, methane, ammonia, and hydrogen, and over million years, larger and more complex molecules could form. Other possibility is that molecules of life met on clay due to DNA are relatively well preserved in those conditions. Or maybe life began at the bottom of the sea, at deep-sea vents or submarine hydrothermal vents those spewing hydrogen rich molecules. Or under layers of ice, that perhaps protected organic compounds in the water below from UV rays. Or better the RNA world because RNA can create DNA and proteins, and has on-off switch function for some genes. However, scientists calculate that it would take much longer than the age of universe for randomly generated RNA molecules to evolve sufficiently to achieve the modern level of sophistication of the vast biological complexity on Earth today. In other words, it would take forever. Furthermore, synthetic RNA, created with modern technology trying to prove of the concept of RNA world; bear little resemblance to anything anyone has ever isolated from a living system. The finding that all the enzymes involved in genetic code translation have virtually identical cores or Urzymes (Ur -earliest-), suggest simple ancestors (peptides) that evolved to give rise to more complex life forms. However, the main question is simply carried back: How did these peptides originate with so accurate catalytic capacity? Another theory is simple molecules interacting with each other in cycles of reaction that eventually evolved. Or perhaps life was brought here from elsewhere in space, a theory known as panspermia. The theory of special creation proposes that life was created by a supernatural power. Abiogenesis or autogenesis states that life originated from nonliving things, spontaneously. Other discarded theories are the eternity of life, and theory of catastrophism.
منابع مشابه
گزارش یک مورد کیست دانتیژور پیگمانته در بیماری با کیستهای متعدد دانتیژور فکین
In this paper, an unusual case of pigmented dentigerous cyst in a 37-year-old Iranian man with multiple dentigerous cysts of maxilla and mandible is reported. In addition to the characteristic histopathologic features of dentigerous cyst, numerous melanin granules which were distributed throughout the epithelial lining of one of these cysts were also noted. The histochemical study using Fontana...
متن کاملIsolation and Characterization of Melanin Producing Pseudomonas stutzeri Strain UIS2 in the Presence of l-tyrosine and Survey of Biological Properties of Its Melanin
Background: Melanin is a negative charge hydrophobic complex pigment. Melanin is produced naturally in bacteria to protect them against UV, free radicals and environmental stresses. Pigment production in bacteria has more advantages than other biosources due to its rapid growth, higher efficiency and easier extraction. The aim of this study was the isolation, biochemical and molecular identific...
متن کاملEvolution of viruses and cells: do we need a fourth domain of life to explain the origin of eukaryotes?
The recent discovery of diverse very large viruses, such as the mimivirus, has fostered a profusion of hypotheses positing that these viruses define a new domain of life together with the three cellular ones (Archaea, Bacteria and Eucarya). It has also been speculated that they have played a key role in the origin of eukaryotes as donors of important genes or even as the structures at the origi...
متن کاملEfficacy of combination of fractional CO2 laser and tranexamic 5% gel in the treatment of melasma
Background and Aim: Melasma is a common disease affecting quality of life. Available treatments result in the gradual and partial clearance of melasma, and are accompanied with high risk of recurrence after discontinuing treatment. Tranexamic acid has been successfully evaluated in several studies. In addition, laser has been proposed as an enhanced drug delivery method. This study is designed ...
متن کاملFormation and stability of organic layers around inorganic particles in aqueous media: an introduction to origin of life
Formation of non bonded organic layer around inorganic particles like iron sulfide and zeolites, was hypothesized as starting point for one of the possible mechanisms of the origin of life on earth. In this study, the general circumstances needed for creation of such organic layer was investigated. An aliphatic hydrocarbon (hexane), an aromatic hydrocarbon (toluene), an alcohol (n-octanol) and ...
متن کاملComparison of Skin Erythema and Melanin Level in Sulfur Mustard Induced Chronic Skin Lesions and Normal Skin
Background: Sulfur mustard gas is a chemical agent that has been used in many wars, especially in Iran-Iraq war. This chemical agent affects many organs including lungs, eyes and skin, causing numerous acute and chronic lesions including erythema and hyperpigmentation, respectively. This study was conducted to evaluate erythema and melanin in subjects with a history of exposure to sulfur ...
متن کامل